2024年全國(guó)成人高考考試時(shí)間預(yù)計(jì)為2024年10月19-20日，上海成考幫考前輔導(dǎo)平臺(tái)提醒各位考生提前進(jìn)行復(fù)習(xí)，科學(xué)備考。此外，上海成考幫考前輔導(dǎo)平臺(tái)為幫助各位考生更有效的復(fù)習(xí)，將逐步對(duì)各層次、各科目的復(fù)習(xí)重點(diǎn)進(jìn)行整理發(fā)布，以供考生參考。本次更新內(nèi)容為2024年上海成人高考高起點(diǎn)英語(yǔ)備考重點(diǎn)：代詞(二),各位考生可以收藏起來(lái),方便備考哦。

　　代詞包括：人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞、指示代詞、疑問(wèn)代詞、關(guān)系代詞、不定代詞及其用法。

　　一、不定代詞

　　不定代詞包括both， either， neither， all， none， no， one， each， every， few， a few， little， a little， many， much， some， any， other， another， 以及some， any， no， every構(gòu)成的合成代詞。

　　(一)both， either， neither

　　both 表示“兩者(都)”，either表示“(兩者之中)任何一個(gè)”，neither表示“(兩者之中)沒(méi)有一個(gè)”。三個(gè)詞在句子中都可以作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)，both還可以作同位語(yǔ)。

　　My sister is good at planning her time so that she always has enough time for both work play.(be good at 擅長(zhǎng)做某事)

　　Neither of the answers is right.

　　Either of the books belongs to you.

　　You I are both to blame.

　　You both agreed to stay.

　　Both 放在實(shí)意動(dòng)詞前，系動(dòng)詞be 的后面。

　　(二)all， none， no， one

　　all和none用于三者以上的場(chǎng)合，分別表示“全部都”和“一個(gè)都沒(méi)有”，none往往與of連用。

　　All of us are fond of sports. (be fond of 愛(ài)好)

　　We are all for him. (be for sb 支持某人)

　　Grasp all， lose all. 什么都抓，什么都抓不住。(諺)

　　None of them know how to read write.

　　None of them has had that kind of experience.

　　no表示“沒(méi)有”，在句子中只能作定語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于not a 或not any，not否定動(dòng)詞，no否定名詞。

　　Time tide wait for no man. 歲月不等人。(諺)

　　I'm no dancer. (I'm not a dancer.)

　　one 指代上文提到的人或物，前面可以加定冠詞，可以有自己的定語(yǔ)，還可以有復(fù)數(shù)形式。

　　Your answer is a good one.

　　I don't like coloured envelopes. I like white ones.

　　(三)each， every

　　each 和every表示“每一個(gè)”，every 在句子中只能作定語(yǔ)，each 可以作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)。

　　The headshook hands with each of the teacher.(shake hands with 握手)

　　The students try to set aside a little money each month.(set aside 節(jié)約)

　　From each according to his ability， to each according to his needs(work)。各盡所能，按需分配。

　　I have every reason to believe that she can finish the job well.

　　There is every possibility of our winning the game.

　　every 還常用在every little while (每隔一會(huì))，every other day， every three days(每隔兩天)，every ten miles(每隔十英里)， every now then (不時(shí))，every four years， every other line， one out of every three students.

　　(四)few， a few， little， a little， many， much

　　few， a few， many 修飾或指代可數(shù)名詞，little， a little， much修飾或指代不可數(shù)名詞。few， little表示否定，a few， a little表示肯定，much常用于否定句中。

　　Many hands make light work. 人多好辦事。(諺)

　　Few words are best. 話少最好。(諺)

　　They don't take much interest in it.

　　I know little about it.

　　There's a little water left in the jar.

　　Few of them have been to India.

　　I've read a few books written by Dickens.

　　(五)other， the other， others， the others， another

　　Forty people came to the meeting. Two of them were from Japan， the others from America.

　　Many people came to attend the meeting. Some were from Japan， others were from America.

　　The United States， unlike many other countries， receives a large number of immigrants every year from all over the world.

　　The twin sisters are so alike that we find it difficult to tell one from the other.(so……that 如此以至于 tell sb. from 區(qū)分)

　　The task will be finished in another three days.

　　Four of them are in the classroom. What about the others?

　　Please give me another example to illustrate your point.

　　二、it的用法

　　it作為人稱代詞，常用來(lái)表示動(dòng)物或無(wú)生命的物體等。此外，它在句子中只充當(dāng)句子中形式上的成分，如形式主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)等，這時(shí)，it并不具有自身的意義與內(nèi)容。it也可以作為無(wú)人稱代詞。

　　1、it最基本的用法是人稱代詞，主要用來(lái)表示剛提到的東西以避免重復(fù)。

　　The car accelerated as it overtook me.那輛汽車一加速就超過(guò)了我。

　　The action of salt on ice causes it to melt.鹽作用于冰而使其融化。

　　2、也可代表抽象的事物It was acclaimed as a great discovery.它被譽(yù)為一次偉大的發(fā)現(xiàn)。

　　Will you pay cash or should I charge it to your account ?您愿意付現(xiàn)金還是計(jì)入您的賬?

　　3、也可指動(dòng)物或未知性別的嬰兒

　　- Is this your dog ?- No,it isn’t.

　　Her baby is due next month,she hopes it will be a boy.她懷的孩子應(yīng)該下月出生，她希望是個(gè)男孩兒。

　　The baby next door kept me awake,it cried all night.隔壁的孩子整夜哭，吵得我睡不著。

　　三、疑問(wèn)代詞

　　疑問(wèn)代詞包括what， which， who， whom， whose， 可以用來(lái)構(gòu)成特殊疑問(wèn)句，也可以引導(dǎo)名詞從句。 What， which， who在句子中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，whom作賓語(yǔ)，whose作定語(yǔ)。如：

　　Which do you prefer， the yellow one or the white one? (賓語(yǔ))

　　What's your sister?(表語(yǔ))

　　The man who is talking with my mother is an engineer.(引導(dǎo)定從句)

　　The old man whose son is studying abroad is our formal dean of the department. (引導(dǎo)定從句)

　　I don't remember whom I have lent my dictionary to. (引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句)

　　疑問(wèn)代詞what， which， who， whom后面可以加ever來(lái)加重語(yǔ)氣。如：

　　Whoever can be calling at this time of the night ?誰(shuí)這么深更半夜來(lái)找人?

　　I'll say whatever comes into my head.

　　Take whichever book you like.